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ESTP

Basic Habits of Mind

Extraverted Sensing is the dominant mental process. ESTPs are in a state of relentless awareness of the environment and people. As a result of this awareness, they tend to quickly respond and to move at a fast pace. Aided by Introverted Thinking, they are busy constructing logical paths to follow.

Introverted Feeling and Introverted Intuiting also help ESTPs. Introverted Feeling promotes a sense of purpose and direction, again as applied to practical ends. Introverted Intuiting plays out as moving forward with confidence.

This combination sometimes is misunderstood as impatient, opportunistic, and self-centered. ESTPs can be seen as trying to win at others’ expense.

Typical Communication Patterns

·          ESTPs are energetic, fast-paced communicators who enjoy whatever they are doing at the moment.

·          They are good-natured and realistic in their interactions.

·          Often good at easing tensions due to their sense of humor, ESTPs are also very critical and analytical when exploring situations.

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ESFJ

Basic Habits of Mind

Extraverted Feeling results in attention to people and how others react to situations. Immediately aware of relationships, ESFJs seek to understand others’ experiences in order to understand their own. Introverted Sensing offers them immediate impressions of the environment. Their focus on others tends to be factual and detailed.

Introverted Intuiting and Introverted Thinking assist ESFJs. Introverted Intuiting provides a sense of place and belonging. Introverted Thinking focuses their attention on precise information.

This combination is sometimes seen as being too focused on a few pieces of information and not attuned to long-term business challenges.

Typical Communication Patterns

·          ESFJs are warm and outgoing.

·          While they like to make decisions, get clarity, and make sure instructions are clear, they are also eager to communicate inclusion by being empathetic.

·          They make unassuming observations and like conversation that is focused on practical and people-related topics.

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ENFP

Basic Habits of Mind

Driven toward new ideas and possibilities by Extraverted Intuiting, ENFPs like “going with the flow”. They connect current experience to possible future circumstances. Introverted Feeling aids their imagination through decisive judgements about whether situations and solutions are acceptable or not. Drawn toward people and people-related concerns, they try to understand relationships in context.

Introverted Thinking and Introverted Sensing also aid ENFPs. Introverted Thinking often provides incisive analysis that leads to questioning the current state. Introverted Sensing anchors or internally “grounds” experience and provides  a sense of confidence about a course of action.

While on the inside ENFPs are indeed quite decisive once options have been explored, the face they show to others often appears as too open to possibilities, or lacking in direction, overly process oriented, and not planning thoroughly. They can fail to make their internal judgements known.

Typical Communication Patterns

·          ENFPs usually express enthusiasm about ideas and about being with people.

·          They openly reveal their observations and reactions to situations.

·          Eager to discuss the big picture, their language is expansive and filled with remarks about future possibilities.

·          Warmth and concern for others often come through as they enjoy engaging others in almost any task.

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ISTP

Basic Habits of Mind

Introverted Thinking leads ISTPs to be decisive, concerned with precision and exactness. It further pulls them toward being reflective, skeptical, and analytical. Aided by Extraverted Sensing, which provides an acute awareness of the present situation, their thinking is adaptable as long as logical order can be made out of the situation.

Extraverted Intuiting and Extraverted Feeling also aid ISTPs. External Intuiting leads to scanning the environment, and the external direction of Feeling means they communicate intensity. In fact, the “mission” for this type is for precision and analytical elegance in hands-on problem solving. This can also come off as condescending, aloof, and unforgiving.

Stress Related Behavior

·          ISTPs might be surprised to know that they are sometimes seens as blunt, detached, guarded, impersonal, and low on demonstrated empathy.

·          While they think of themselves as able to competently maneuver social settings, their social behavior often fails to make the impression they imagined was true. For example, they selectively include others and engage animatedly on selected topics. They talk about these topics whether anyone else is interested of not. They can get distant if the conversation gets out of their area of expertise.

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ISTJ

Basic Habits of Mind

As an Introverted Sensing type, ISTJs seek precision and clarity in information – spoken or written. These two qualities promote a thorough and practical concentration on the task at hand. As Extraverted Thinkers, ISTJs are likely to appear as focused, orderly, critical, and decisive people who trust facts and structure.

Their Extraverted Feeling and Extraverted Intuiting often show in the sense of mission and intensity they display when tackling problems. Unfortunately, these qualities are sometimes misinterpreted as demanding, rigid, and stubborn.

Stress Related Behavior

·          As an initial response to stress, ISTJs usually increase their efforts at thorough methodical strategies. This can look exaggerated, that they insist on control and heavy conformance to expectations.

·          Under enough stress, their natural attention to precision can lead to anticipation of failure and seeing the incompetence of people and processes around them, for which they may find abundant evidence!

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INFJ

Basic Habits of Mind

Introverted Intuiting helps INFJs see the complexity of interpersonal relationships and circumstances of situations. Understanding the various connections among people and situations is helped by Extraverted Feeling. This drives them to engage with other people and to evaluate the events around them with an awareness of the consequences on people and treasured ideals. Interested in harmony, they tend to quietly form strong networks of friends and colleagues.

Extraverted Thinking leads them to focus on selective “facts” and “principles.” As a result,  when they take a position on an issue, they can come across as insistent and stubborn. Extraverted Sensing contributes by swiftly directing their attention to only those external observations that “prove the point.” As a result, INFJs may be quietly studious until an issue signals an abuse to their value system. Then they can intensely object, seem aloof, and put themselves above the issue.

Stress Related Behavior

·          As an initial response to stress, INFJs often become more intense and reserved.

·          They may appear to disregard others and communicate unrealistic expectations.

·          If stress is extensive, they might exhibit a relentless concern about the events of the day.

·          This obsession with current events and specific information can lead to indicating to others that everything is in a “sorry condition.”

·          When something goes wrong, it all goes wrong. Once they hit the tipping point—a breach of trust or something that offends their values—they can reject and withdraw.

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ISFJ

Basic Habits of Mind

Introverted Sensing drives ISFJs to be realistic, calm, consistent, and to be careful with facts. Loyal and reliable, they trust in the truth of their experience as a guide. Extraverted Feeling leads them to develop cooperative and sympathetic behaviors. Seen as warm and thoughtful, they usually express interest in people rather than things.

The effects of Extraverted Thinking and Extraverted Intuiting are more subtle as they may stick doggedly to a plan and feel quite convinced of their frame of reference. These qualities can make them appear stubborn and slow to change.

Stress Related Behavior

·          As an initial response to stress, ISFJs may become very reserved and obsessive about procedure or conventions. They tend to be very attentive to the use of resources.

·          Under prolonged stress, they may see evidence in the smallest events that the future is gloomy and is unlikely to be enjoyable. In this situation they may actually seem impulsive and unrealistic in their expectations.

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Emotions and Leadership

A “Must”

The following fundamental principle in emotional intelligence and emotional effectiveness is a “must” to understand and act on: No one makes you feel one way or the other; your feelings and emotions are entirely of your making.

Mind Maps

It is not accurate to say that you always choose your emotions because this implies a conscious decision. Your emotions emerge due to the mind maps built on your personal history. A specific behavior by someone may trigger anger in one person and not in another. The difference is the mind map each person has about a given behavior. For example, someone cutting in front of you while driving may elicit anger or humor, depending on your mind map about that behavior. The main point is that no one causes your emotions; the emotions are a personal reaction. What you do with them is your choice?

You can change your mind maps, which are the “filters” that guide and direct your emotional response. This guidebook invites you to redirect your emotional energy for positive ends. However, none of this can be achieved unless you accept this principle: You must “own” your emotions. What you do with them leads to either effectiveness or unhappiness.

Excerpt from Emotions and Leadership by Dr. Roger Pearman:

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Emotions and Leadership Booklet

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ENFJ

Basic Habits of Mind

The lead process for ENFJs is Extraverted Feeling, which often pushes them to seek connections with people in intense ways. They notice subtle differences and cues in the interactions among people and are very engaging and eager to spend time with others. This interest in people is aided by Introverted Intuiting, which helps them immediately see many possibilities for each person with whom they are engaged.

Introverted Sensing and Introverted Thinking also aid ENFJs. Introverted Sensing promotes an awareness of specific changes in their environment. Introverted Thinking pushes them toward precision. Very attentive to their environment. ENFJs notice subtle changes in behavior and spot potential conflicts readily. They then tend to think that if they can get everything into the open, get more precise and hammer things out, that the situation will be worked out.

Unfortunately, this sometimes backfires as people see this behavior as intrusive, overblown, or seeing problems that aren’t there. Many ENFJs would be surprised to know that their genuine concern for others can be seen as pushy, overly inclusive, insistent, and adamant.

Stress Related Behavior

·         Under stress, they seem to put more energy into being decisive (thus seeming pushy), taking action (seeming impatient), and can spend unusual amounts of time in organizing.

·         As this increases, ENFJs can seem hasty, impulsive, and hardheaded.

·         With sustained stress, they can become reserved and obsessed with internal criticisms of their perceived failures and inadequate accomplishments.

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ESFP

Basic Habits of Mind

Extraverted Sensing makes ESFPs aware of the concrete details and realistic circumstances of a situation. Due to the influence of Introverted Feeling, they seek out connections to people and people-related things in their environment. Eager to enjoy the moment, Extraverted Sensing types seek out direct experiences. Introverted Feeling is used to decide the acceptability of circumstances and the way to approach people. They usually move easily among many different types of people and situations.

Introverted Thinking and Introverted Intuiting also help ESFPs. Introverted Thinking contributes a talent for finding the most direct, concrete solutions to problems. Introverted Intuiting gives insight as to the probable outcomes of choices.

This combination sometimes is misunderstood as non-strategic and too soft to make “tough decisions.”

Stress Related Behavior

·          When they feel stressed, ESFPs can seem undependable, touchy, and rigid.

·          They may appear opportunistic and unkind as stress increases.

·          With enough stress, they can become reserved and guarded and imagine the worst possible outcomes to situations.

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